The 4 F's

Format, Formula, Frame, Function:

Format

This is how the magazine looks and feels. The font, colour, images, design and positioning all contribute to the format. Once a format has been established it then becomes the look of the magazine. This then makes the magazine recognisabe to the audience. The font of the masterhead and any other thing the audience sees are also included in the format.  

Formula

The content of the magazine is called the formula. The topics, information underneath pictures, articles and even their length all come under the formula. The formula can also be referred to as the 'editorial content'.

Frame

The frame includes the margins and gutters. These are used to separate the pages and to cut off and extra ink. Usually magazines use the same sized margins throughout the issues; this maintains the consistency of the issue;  however some vary the width to create a unique feel.

Function 

Simple. The function of the magazine is a sum up of what the magazine is about. For example, the function of a music magazine is to inform the reader of new music and to advertise bands and musicians.